| Kev piav qhia |
1-Octanol (111-87-5) yog cov kua tsis muaj xim thiab pob tshab nrog cov tshuaj formula C8H18O. Nws yog ib tug fatty cawv uas muaj ib tug linear, saturated saw ntawm yim carbon atoms. Txawm hais tias 1-Octanol tsis soluble hauv dej, nws tuaj yeem yaj tau yooj yim hauv cawv, ether, thiab chloroform. Cov tshuaj no feem ntau yog siv los ua cov khoom siv raw hauv kev tsim cov tshuaj tsw qab, octanal, octanoic acid, thiab nws cov esters. Nws kuj ua haujlwm ua kuab tshuaj, defoamer, thiab lubricating roj additive. Qhov tseem ceeb, 1-Octanol ua rau muaj kev toxicity tsawg, tab sis nws tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag. Txawm li cas los xij, nws pom tau tias muaj kev nyab xeeb rau kev siv nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj mob vim nws tsis tshua muaj vapor siab. |
| Chemical Properties |
1-Octanol muaj cov ntxhiab tsw tshiab, txiv kab ntxwv-rose, qab zib heev thiab oily, qab zib, me ntsis herbaceous saj. |
| Qhov tshwm sim |
Tshaj tawm raws li nquag tshwm sim hauv cov roj yam tseem ceeb raws li ester; cov cawv dawb tau tshaj tawm pom nyob rau hauv cov roj yam tseem ceeb ntawm cov tshuaj yej ntsuab, txiv kab ntxwv qaub, California txiv kab ntxwv, Andropogon intermedius, Heracleum villosum, violet nplooj, Anethum graveolens thiab iab txiv kab ntxwv. Tsis tas li ntawd tau tshaj tawm nyob rau hauv ntau tshaj 200 khoom noj thiab dej haus xws li txiv apples, apricot, txiv tsawb, citrus tev roj thiab kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, ntau berries, guava, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, melon, papaya, txiv duaj, txiv duaj, asparagus, kohlrabi, leek, peas, lws suav, qos yaj ywm, clove, Ginger, mustard, spearmint roj, nplej mov ci, ntau cheeses, siav qe, butter, mis nyuj, ntses, nqaij, npias, rum, whiskey, cognac, cider, sherry, grape wines, cocoa, tshuaj yej, ceev, zib mu, soybean, txiv maj phaub , txiv ntseej, avocado, plum, sawv apple, taum, nceb, starfruit, Bantu npias, sesame noob, cauliflower, broccoli, tamarind, txiv hmab txiv ntoo brandies, fig, cardamom, coriander noob thiab nplooj, mov, quince, litchi, dill , lovage, qab zib pob kws, pob kws roj, malt, kiwifruit, loquat, Bourbon vanilla, clary sage, oysters, crayfish, clam thiab Suav quince. |
| Siv |
1-Octanol yog siv los ua tus thawj coj los npaj cov esters, uas yog siv rau hauv cov tshuaj tsw qab thiab flavorings. Nws yog siv los ua zaub mov additive, anti-foaming tus neeg saib xyuas thiab emulsifier nyob rau hauv anti-xeb emulsions. Nws yog dav siv hauv kev lag luam tshuaj rau kev sib txuas ntawm ethoxylates, alkyl sulfates thiab ether sulfates. Nws yog siv los ua cov kuab tshuaj hauv cov xim, kua roj vanish, waxes, thiab coatings nto thiab feem ntau koom nrog hauv kev ua liaj ua teb chemistry los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov nroj tsuag luam yeeb. |
| Kev npaj |
1-Octanol tej zaum yuav raug npaj los ntawm kev txo qee cov caprylic esters xws li methyl caprylate nrog sodium ethoxide. |
| Txoj kev tsim khoom |
1-Octanol yog ua lag luam los ntawm kev txo sodium los yog high-pressure catalytic hydrogenation ntawm esters ntawm ib txwm tshwm sim caprylic acid los yog oligomerization ntawm ethylene siv aluminium alkyl technology. |
| Txhais |
ChEBI: Octan-1-ol yog octanol nqa cov pab pawg hydroxy ntawm txoj haujlwm 1. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ua cov nroj tsuag metabolite. Nws yog octanol thiab thawj cawv. |
| Daim ntawv thov |
1-octanol feem ntau yog siv los tsim cov plasticizer, extractant thiab stabilizer, thiab ua ib qho nruab nrab ntawm cov kuab tshuaj thiab tshuaj tsw qab. Hauv kev lag luam plasticizers, 1-octanol feem ntau yog hais txog 2-ethylhexanol, uas yog cov khoom siv raw ntawm ib lab tons thiab muaj txiaj ntsig ntau dua li n-octanol hauv kev lag luam. Octanol nws tus kheej kuj yog siv los ua txuj lom, sib tov roses, lilies thiab lwm yam paj fragrance raws li ib tug xab npum tsw. Cov khoom no yog cov txuj lom uas tau txais kev tso cai siv raws li Suav GB 2760-86. Feem ntau yog siv los ua txiv maj phaub, pineapple, txiv duaj, chocolate thiab citrus flavors. |
| Aroma pib qhov tseem ceeb |
Kev Ntsuas: 42-480 ppb |
| Saj pib qhov tseem ceeb |
Cov yam ntxwv saj ntawm 2 ppm: waxy, ntsuab, citrus, txiv kab ntxwv thiab aldehydic nrog fruity nuance. |
| Synthesis Reference (cov) |
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 38, p. Peb 2097, 1990DOI:10.1248/pb.38.2097
Tetrahedron Letters, 23, p. Peb 157, 1982DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)86773-8 |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav |
Cov kua ntshiab tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab tsw. Insoluble hauv dej thiab ntab hauv dej. Vapors hnyav dua li huab cua. Vapors tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg, thiab ua pa. |
| Cua & Dej Reactions |
Insoluble hauv dej. |
| Reactivity Profile |
Attacks plastics [Handling Chemicals Safely 1980. p. 236] ib. Acetyl bromide reacts hnyav nrog cawv lossis dej [Merck 11th ed. Xyoo 1989]. Kev sib xyaw ntawm cov cawv nrog cov concentrated sulfuric acid thiab muaj zog hydrogen peroxide tuaj yeem ua rau tawg. Piv txwv li: kev tawg yuav tshwm sim yog tias dimethylbenzylcarbinol ntxiv rau 90% hydrogen peroxide ces acidified nrog concentrated sulfuric acid. Kev sib xyaw ntawm ethyl cawv nrog cov concentrated hydrogen peroxide tsim cov khoom tawg muaj zog. Kev sib xyaw ntawm hydrogen peroxide thiab 1-phenyl-2-methyl propyl cawv yuav tawg yog tias acidified nrog 70% sulfuric acid [Chem. Eng. Xov Xwm 45(43):73. Xyoo 1967; J, Org. Chem. 28:1893 : kuv. 1963] ib. Alkyl hypochlorites ua phem heev. Lawv tau yooj yim tau los ntawm reacting hypochlorous acid thiab alcohols nyob rau hauv aqueous tov los yog tov aqueous-carbon tetrachloride daws. Cov tshuaj chlorine ntxiv rau cov cawv yuav zoo ib yam ua rau alkyl hypochlorites. Lawv decompose nyob rau hauv txias thiab tawg ntawm raug tshav ntuj los yog kub. Tertiary hypochlorites tsis ruaj khov dua li theem nrab lossis thawj hypochlorites [NFPA 491 M. 1991]. Base-catalysed cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm isocyanates nrog cawv yuav tsum tau nqa tawm hauv cov kuab tshuaj inert. Cov kev tshwm sim zoo li no thaum tsis muaj cov kuab tshuaj feem ntau tshwm sim nrog kev kub ntxhov [Wischmeyer 1969]. |
| Health Hazard |
Irritates ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag. |
| Flammability thiab Explosibility |
Tsis cais |
| Biochem/physiol Actions |
Thaiv T-type Ca2+ channels |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile |
Tshuaj lom los ntawm txoj hlab ntsha. Muaj tshuaj lom los ntawm kev noj tshuaj. Cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv tau tshaj tawm. Ib daim tawv nqaij irritant. Combustible kua thaum raug tshav kub los yog nplaim taws; tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog oxidizing cov ntaub ntawv. Txhawm rau tua hluav taws, siv dej ua npuas dej, pos huab, cawv ua npuas ncauj, tshuaj qhuav, CO2. Saib ALCOHOLS. |
| Synthesis |
1-octanol muaj nyob rau hauv cov roj yam tseem ceeb xws li iab txiv kab ntxwv, txiv kab ntxwv qaub, qab zib txiv kab ntxwv, tshuaj yej ntsuab thiab violet nplooj nyob rau hauv lub xeev dawb, los yog nyob rau hauv acetate, butyrate thiab isovalerate. Hauv kev tsim khoom, octanal tuaj yeem txo lossis npaj los ntawm kev siv octanoic acid hauv txiv maj phaub roj. Nws tseem tuaj yeem npaj los ntawm carbonyl synthesis nrog heptene-1 ua raw khoom. HEPTENE, carbon monoxide thiab hydrogen daim ntawv aldehyde nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cobalt ntsev ntawm 150-170 degree thiab siab siab ntawm 20-30Mpa. Tom qab tshem tawm cobalt, HEPTENE yog hydrogenated rau thawj cawv nyob rau hauv siab nrog nickel catalyst. Txoj kev no muaj cov cuab yeej tsim khoom lag luam paub tab txawv teb chaws. |
| Carcinogenicity |
Tsis muaj pov thawj ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav hauv kev kuaj mob qog noj ntshav adenoma txoj kev tshawb fawb uas cov nas tau txhaj tshuaj intraperitoneally nrog 100 thiab 500 mg / kg 1- octanol peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam rau 8 lub lis piam. Qhov kev ntsuam xyuas no tsis tau raug lees paub tias yog ib qho tshuaj ntsuam xyuas kev mob qog noj ntshav.
1-Octanol yog cov tawv nqaij tawv nqaij tsis muaj zog thaum siv peb zaug hauv ib lub lis piam rau 60 lub lis piam rau cov tawv nqaij nas uas tau pib nrog dimethylbenz[a] anthracene. |
| Metabolism |
Thawj aliphatic cawv tau dhau los ua ob qhov kev tshwm sim dav dav hauv vivo, uas yog oxidation rau carboxylic acids thiab ncaj qha conjugation nrog glucuronic acid. Thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv pib nrog kev tsim nruab nrab ntawm ib qho aldehyde, thiab cov carboxylic acid los ntawm qhov no yuav yog oxidized tag nrho rau carbon dioxide los yog excreted xws li los yog ua ke nrog glucuronic acid raws li ib tug ester glucuronide. Qhov ntev npaum li cas cov cawv ua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thib ob, piv txwv li kev sib txuas ncaj qha mus rau ether glucuronide, zoo li nyob ntawm qhov ceev ntawm thawj cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, rau cov cawv uas tau oxidized sai heev, tsawg tsawg ether glucuronide tshwj tsis yog muab hauv cov koob tshuaj siab (Williams, 1959). ). |
| Txoj Kev Purification |
Fractionally distil nws nyob rau hauv txo siab. Qhuav nws nrog sodium thiab dua fractionally distil los yog reflux nrog boric anhydride thiab re-distilled (b 195-205o/5mm), lub distillate yog neutralized nrog NaOH thiab dua fractionally distilled. Kuj purify nws los ntawm distillation los ntawm Raney npib tsib xee thiab los ntawm kev npaj GLC. [Beilstein 1 IV 1756.] |
