Khoom Taw qhia
| Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb ntawm Propane |
| Khoom npe: | Propane |
| Synonyms: | PROPANE, NATURAL; PROPANECOMBUSTION; Popane; A -108; C3H8; Freon 290; propyldihydride; propylhydride |
| CAS: | 74-98-6 |
| MF: | C3H8 |
| MW: | 44.1 |
| EINECS: | 200-827-9 |
| Khoom Categories: | Chemical Synthesis; Tshwj xeeb Gases; Burners; Labware; Chemical Synthesis; Synthetic Reagents; Refrigerants; Organics; Compressed thiab Liquefied Gases; Synthetic Reagents |
| Mol File: | 74-98-6.mol |
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| Propane Chemical Properties |
| Melting point | -188 degree (lit.) |
| Boiling point | -42.1 degree (lit.) |
| ceev | 0.564 g/mL ntawm 20 degree (lit.) |
| vapor ceev | 1.5 (vs dej) |
| vapor siab | 190 psi (37.7 degree) |
| Refractive Index | 1.2861 |
| Fp | -104 degree |
| cia temp. | -20 degree |
| daim ntawv | ua kua |
| pka ua | ≈ 44 (Gordon thiab Ford, 1972) |
| tawg txwv | 9.5% |
| Ntsig qhov pib | 1500 ppm |
| Dej Solubility | 62.61 mg / L (25 ºC) |
| Merck | 13,7891 |
| BRN | 1730718 |
| Henry's Law Constant | 0.706 ntawm 25 degree (Hine and Mookerjee, 1975) |
| Kev txwv tsis pub dhau | TLV-TWA 1000 ppm (OSHA). |
| Dielectric tsis tu ncua | 1.6 (Ambient) |
| Kev ruaj ntseg: | ruaj khov. Incompatible nrog muaj zog oxidizing neeg sawv cev. Cov nplaim taws heev. Tej zaum yuav tsim cov khoom tawg nrog cua. |
| LogP | 2.360 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 74-98-6(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| EPA Tshuaj Registry System | Propane (74-98-6) |
| Cov ntaub ntawv kev nyab xeeb |
| Hazard Codes | F+ |
| Risk Statements | 12 |
| Cov lus hais txog kev nyab xeeb | 9-16 |
| RIDADR | UN 1978 2.1 |
| OEB | A |
| OEL | TWA: 1000 ppm (1800 mg/m3) |
| WGK Germany | - |
| RTECS | TX 2275 000 |
| F | 4.5-31 |
| Autoignition Kub | 842 degree F |
| DOT Classification | 2.1 (Flammable gas) |
| HazardClass | 2.1 |
| Cov Ntaub Ntawv Muaj Xwm Ceev | 74-98-6( Cov ntaub ntawv muaj phom sij) |
| IDLA | 2,100 ppm [10% LEL] |
| MSDS Cov Ntaub Ntawv |
| Tus kws kho mob | Lus |
|---|---|
| SigmaAldrich | Lus Askiv |
| Propane Siv thiab Synthesis |
| Kev piav qhia | Propane tsis muaj xim thiab tsis muaj ntxhiab, nrog mercaptan tsw. Zoo li tag nrho cov fossil fuels, propane yog lub zog tsis txuas ntxiv. Propane yog ib qho roj tau los ntawm cov nkev thiab roj av. Nws pom muaj sib xyaw nrog cov roj av thiab cov roj av. Propane yog hu ua 'fossil fuel' vim nws tau tsim ntau lab xyoo dhau los los ntawm cov seem ntawm cov tsiaj hiav txwv me me thiab cov nroj tsuag. Propane yog ib tug huv-kub, ntau yam roj. Nws yog siv los ntawm ze li ntawm txhua tus neeg, hauv tsev, hauv kev ua liaj ua teb, los ntawm kev lag luam, thiab hauv kev lag luam feem ntau yog tsim cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab kev ua haujlwm. Propane yog ib qho ntawm ntau cov fossil fuels suav nrog hauv cov roj liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) tsev neeg. Vim tias propane yog hom LPG feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas, propane thiab LPG feem ntau siv los ua ke. Butane yog lwm LPG feem ntau siv nyob rau hauv lub teeb. |
| Kev piav qhia | Propane yog cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj cov ntaub ntawv pov thawj rau propane, cov kuab tshuaj uas tau siv rau hauv kev rho tawm ntawm cannabinoids los ntawmCannabisthiab tau raug txheeb xyuas tias muaj kab mob hauv butane hash roj thiab Δ9- THC concentrates. Nws yog tsim los siv raws li tus qauv siv rau propane los ntawm GC- lossis LC-MS. Cov khoom no yog npaj rau kev tshawb fawb thiab kev siv forensic. |
| Chemical Properties | PROPANE yog cov roj me ntsis soluble hauv H2O, me ntsis soluble hauv cawv, thiab soluble heev hauv ether. Txawm hais tias ib tug xov tooj ntawm cov organic tebchaw uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb industrially tej zaum yuav raug suav hais tias yog derivatives ntawm propane, nws tsis yog ib qho kev pib muaj. Cov ntsiab lus ntawm propane nyob rau hauv natural gas txawv nrog lub hauv paus ntawm cov nkev, tab sis nyob rau hauv nruab nrab yog hais txog 6%. Propane kuj tau txais los ntawm cov chaw roj av. |
| Chemical Properties | Propane yog cov roj uas tsis muaj xim uas tsis muaj ntxhiab tsw thaum ntshiab (ib qho ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab feem ntau ntxiv). Propane raug tso tawm mus rau qhov chaw nyob los ntawm cov pa hluav taws xob tsheb, hluav taws kub, qhov chaw roj av, thiab thaum lub sij hawm combustion ntawm polyethylene thiab phenolic resins. Propane yog ob qho tib si kub hnyiab thiab tawg thiab xav tau kev saib xyuas kom zoo thiab kev tswj xyuas qhov chaw ua haujlwm. Nws siv nyob rau hauv kev lag luam muaj xws li ib qhov chaw rau roj thiab propellant rau aerosols. Cov neeg ua haujlwm ua haujlwm raug rau liquefi ed propane tau pom cov tawv nqaij kub hnyiab thiab frostbite. Propane kuj ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab rau CNS. |
| Lub cev muaj zog | Propane yog cov roj tsis muaj xim, tsis muaj ntxhiab, nplaim taws uas ua raws li methane thiab ethane hauv alkane series. Lub hauv paus lo lus prop los ntawm peb-carbon acid propionic acid, CH3CH2COOH. Propionic acid los ntawm Greek lo lus protos lub ntsiab lus ua ntej thiab pion lub ntsiab lus rog.Nws yog cov kua qaub tsawg tshaj plaws nrog fatty acid zog. Propane yog cov roj uas siv los ua cov roj barbecues thiab cov qhov cub camp uas muab nws lub npe nrov hauv lub raj mis roj. Nws yuav tsum raug sau tseg tias LPG feem ntau yog cov sib xyaw uas muaj cov butane, butylene, thiab propylene ntxiv rau propane. Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua noj ua haus, propane tuaj yeem siv los ua lub zog rau qhov chaw cua sov, tub yees, kev thauj mus los, thiab cov khoom siv cua sov (lub tshuab ziab khaub ncaws). Propane tuaj yeem khaws cia ua kua hauv qhov siab (kwv yees li 15 cua) tso tsheb hlau luam thiab / lossis ntawm qhov txias txias thiab vaporizes rau cov pa roj ntawm atmospheric siab thiab kub ib txwm. Qhov no ua rau nws tuaj yeem khaws cov ntim loj ntawm propane ua kua hauv ib lub ntim me me; propane raws li ib tug vapor occupies 270 lub sij hawm lub ntim ntawm propane nyob rau hauv kua daim ntawv. Qhov no ua rau cov kua propane yog cov roj zoo tagnrho rau kev thauj mus los thiab khaws cia kom txog thaum xav tau. |
| Yam ntxwv | Propane qhia tau tias cov pa roj carbon atoms muaj cov yam ntxwv sib txawv hauv alkanes nrog ntau dua ob lub atoms carbon. Lub davhlau ya nyob twg carbon atoms nyob rau hauv propane yog bonded rau peb hydrogen atoms thiab ib tug carbon atom. Cov pa roj carbon atom sib txuas rau tsuas yog lwm cov pa roj carbon atom raug xa mus ua thawj lossis 1 degree carbon. Lub hauv paus carbon atom nyob rau hauv propane yog bonded rau ob lwm carbon atoms thiab hu ua ib tug thib ob los yog 2 degree carbon. Ib lub atom hydrogen muaj tib qhov kev faib tawm cation raws li cov pa roj carbon atom uas nws txuas nrog. Yog li cov hydrogen atoms txuas rau lub davhlau ya nyob twg carbon atoms hauv propane hu ua thawj (1 degree) hydrogens, whereas lub hauv paus atom muaj theem nrab (2 degree) hydrogen. Qhov sib txawv ntawm cov ntawv cog lus ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv thiab cov khoom ntawm diff erent isomers. Piv txwv li, kev rhuav tshem thawj daim ntawv cog lus yuav tsum muaj zog ntau dua li kev rhuav tshem cov ntawv cog lus thib ob hauv propane. Qhov no ua rau kev tsim cov isopropyl radical CH3CHCH3• yooj yim dua li cov n-propyl radical, CH3CH2CH2•. Txawm hais tias qhov tsim ntawm isopropyl yog qhov muaj txiaj ntsig zoo dua, qhov ntau dua ntawm cov thawj hydrogen atoms ua rau kwv yees li qhov sib npaug ntawm n-propyl thiab isopropyl radicals tsim nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej zoo sib xws. Oxidation ntawm propane tuaj yeem tsim ntau cov pa oxygenated nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej tsim nyog, tab sis feem ntau alkanes tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim piv rau lwm pawg organic. Qee cov khoom siv oxidation ntau dua suav nrog methanol (CH3OH), formaldehyde (CH2O), thiab acetaldehyde (C2H4O). Propane tuaj yeem hloov mus rau cyclopropane los ntawm kev hloov mus rau 1,3 dichloro-propane siv zinc plua plav thiab sodium iodine ClCH2CH2CH2Cl--Zn. Nacl{11}}cyclopropane. |
| Siv | Propane tau siv los ua roj tsheb thauj mus los txij li nws tshawb pom. Nws yog thawj zaug siv los ua cov roj tsheb hauv xyoo 1913. Nws ua raws li roj av thiab roj av ua cov roj tsheb thib peb nrov tshaj plaws thiab niaj hnub no muaj zog ntau tshaj li ib nrab lab tsheb hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab 6 lab thoob ntiaj teb. Kev siv ntau ntawm propane yog cuam tshuam los ntawm qhov tsis muaj kev faib tawm, tab sis nws tau siv los ua cov tsheb thauj mus los, tsheb tavxij, thiab tsoomfwv tsheb. Tsis tas li ntawd, nws yog siv rau cov khoom siv fais fab xws li forklifts. Propane yog ntxuav kom huv dua li roj av lossis diesel thiab tau siv los txo cov pa phem hauv nroog. Piv rau roj av nws tawm 10-40% carbon monoxide, 30-60% hydrocarbons, thiab 60-90% carbon dioxide. Ib qho txiaj ntsig ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua hluav taws kub hnyiab yog qhov kev kho lub cav zoo dua vim tias qis qis qis qis thiab fouling. Propane's octane ratings nyob nruab nrab ntawm 104 thiab 110. Qhov qis emissions yog me ntsis cuam tshuam los ntawm propane tus nqi qis zog; propane muaj li ntawm 75% ntawm lub zog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov roj av thaum piv los ntawm ntim. Propane yog cais los ntawm cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab tseem tsim thaum lub sij hawm ua roj av. Kwv yees li ntawm 53% ntawm cov propane uas tsim nyob rau hauv Tebchaws Meskas yog los ntawm cov feem me me (tsawg dua 5%) pom nyob rau hauv cov pa roj carbon monoxide thiab cov seem los ntawm cov roj av refining. |
| Siv | Propane yog siv los ua roj roj, ua cov tub yees, thiab hauv cov organic synthesis. |
| Siv | Kev siv ntau tshaj plaws ntawm Propane tsis yog roj tab sis hauv kev lag luam petrochemical ua khoom noj. Asan alkane, nws dhau los ua cov tshuaj tiv thaiv alkane ntawm combustion, halogenation, pyrolysis, thiab oxidation. |
| Txhais | ChEBI: Propane yog alkane thiab roj molecular chaw. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ua khoom noj khoom haus. |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav | Cov roj tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntxhiab tsw zoo li roj av. PROPANE raug xa tawm raws li cov pa roj liquefied nyob rau hauv nws lub vapor siab. Rau kev thauj mus los PROPANE tej zaum yuav stenched. Kev sib cuag nrog cov kua dej tsis huv tuaj yeem ua rau frostbite los ntawm evaporative txias. Yooj yim ignited. Cov vapors hnyav dua li huab cua thiab nplaim taws tuaj yeem rov qab mus rau qhov chaw xau yooj yim heev. Cov xau tuaj yeem yog kua lossis vapor leak. Cov vapors tuaj yeem ua rau asphyxiate los ntawm kev hloov pauv ntawm huab cua. Nyob rau lub sij hawm raug hluav taws kub los yog cua sov lub ntim yuav rupture hnyav thiab foob pob ua ntxaij. |
| Cua & Dej Reactions | Cov nplaim taws heev. |
| Reactivity Profile | PROPANE yog incompatible nrog muaj zog oxidizing neeg sawv cev. |
| Hazard | Asphyxiant. Flammable, phom sij txaus ntshai, txwv tsis pub tawg hauv huab cua 2.4–9.5%. Txhawm rau khaws cia, saib butane (ceeb toom). |
| Health Hazard | Propane yog cov roj uas tsis muaj tshuaj lom. Nws yog ib qho asphyxiate.Nyob rau hauv high concentrations nws qhia narcoticeffects. |
| Health Hazard | Vaporizing kua yuav ua rau frostbite. Concentrations hauv huab cua ntau dua 10% ua rau kiv taub hau hauv ob peb feeb. 1% concentrations muab cov nyhuv tib yam hauv 10 min. High concentrations ua rau asphyxiation. |
| Hluav Taws Xob | Cwj Pwm Hauv Hluav Taws Xob: Cov thawv ntim khoom tuaj yeem tawg. Vapor hnyav dua huab cua thiab tuaj yeem taug kev deb mus rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab rov qab. |
| Biochem/physiol Actions | Ntxiv nrog rau kev ua kom yooj yim solubilization ntawm lipids, apolipoproteins pab tswj cov txheej txheem kev ncaj ncees ntawm lipoproteins, ua cov ligands rau lipoprotein receptors, thiab tswj cov haujlwm ntawm cov enzymes koom nrog hauv lipid metabolism. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) plays lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv lipid metabolism. Nws muaj kev cuam tshuam nrog cov ApoE receptor tshwj xeeb ua rau muaj kev cuam tshuam ntawm chylomicron cov seem los ntawm daim siab hlwb, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov txheej txheem lipid metabolism. Nws kuj khi nrog LDL receptor (Apo B / E). Cov teeb meem hauv ApoE yog ib qho ua rau hyperlipoproteinemia hom III. |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile | Central paj hlwb cuam tshuam ntawm high concentrations. Ib qho asphyxiant. Flammable gas. Qhov phom sij txaus ntshai heev thaum raug tshav kub lossis nplaim taws; tuaj yeem hnov mob nrog oxidizers. Explosive nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm vapor thaum raug tshav kub los yog nplaim taws. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawg nrog ClO2. Kev kub ntxhov exothermic cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nrog barium peroxide + tshav kub. Txhawm rau tua hluav taws, nres cov pa roj. Thaum rhuab mus rau decomposition nws emissions pa luam yeeb thiab irritating fumes. |
| Ntxim yuav nphav raug | Flammable gas. Tej zaum yuav sib tov sib xyaw nrog cua. Tsis sib haum nrog oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, thiab lwm yam); kev sib cuag tej zaum yuav ua rau hluav taws kub los yog tawg. Khaws kom deb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv alkaline, muaj zog hauv paus, muaj zog acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Cov kua tawm tsam qee cov plastics, roj hmab thiab cov coatings. |
| Carcinogenicity | Propane yog ib qho tshuaj loog thiab tsis ua rau lub qhov muag, qhov ntswg, lossis caj pas. Cov tawv nqaij ncaj qha los yog mucous daim nyias nyias tiv nrog liquefied propane ua rau kub hnyiab thiab frostbite. Ntawm huab cua concentration qis dua 1000 ppm, propane ua haujlwm me ntsis ntawm lub cev. Nyob rau theem siab heev, propane muaj CNS depressant thiab asphyxiating zog; Nws lub hom phiaj yog lub hauv paus paj hlwb. |
| Qhov chaw | Schauer et al. (2001) ntsuas cov organic compound emission rates rau volatile organic compounds, gas-theem semi-volatile organic compounds, thiab particle-phase organic compounds from the home (fireplace) combustion of Pine, Oak, and eucalyptus. Gas-theem emission tus nqi ntawm propane yog 169 mg / kg ntawm ntoo thuv hlawv. Cov emission tus nqi ntawm propane tsis tau ntsuas thaum lub sij hawm combustion ntawm ntoo qhib thiab eucalyptus. California Phase II kho cov roj av muaj propane ntawm qhov concentration ntawm 100 mg / kg. Gas-phase tailpipe emission tus nqi los ntawm roj av-powered tsheb nrog thiab tsis muaj catalytic converters yog 1.62 thiab 191 mg / km, raws li (Schauer li al., 2002). |
| Environmental txoj hmoo | Tshuaj lom neeg.Nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm methane, Pseudomonas methanica degraded propane rau 1- propanol, propionic acid, thiab acetone (Leadbetter thiab Foster, 1959). Lub xub ntiag ntawm carbon dioxide yuav tsum tau rau "Nocardia paraffinicum" kom degrade propane rau propionic acid (MacMichael thiab Brown, 1987). Propane tuaj yeem biodegrade hauv ob txoj hauv kev. Thawj yog qhov tsim ntawm propyl hydroperoxide, uas decomposes rau 1-propanol tom qab oxidation rau propanoic acid. Lwm txoj hauv kev suav nrog dehydrogenation rau 1-propene, uas yuav hnov mob nrog dej muab propanol (Dugan, 1972). Cov kab mob muaj peev xwm oxidize alkanes nyob rau hauv aerobic tej yam kev mob (Singer thiab Finnerty, 1984). Txoj kev degradative feem ntau yog oxidation ntawm lub davhlau ya nyob twg methyl pawg tsim cov cawv sib xws (1-propanol). Cov cawv yuav dhau los ua cov txheej txheem dehydrogenation ua ib qho aldehyde (propionaldehyde), tom qab ntawd cov roj ntsha (propionic acid). Cov fatty acid tej zaum yuav metabolized los ntawm -oxidation los tsim cov mineralization cov khoom carbon dioxide thiab dej (Singer thiab Finnerty, 1984). Photolytic.Thaum cov cua hluavtaws uas muaj propane thiab nitrous acid raug rau lub hnub ci dag (λ=300-450 nm), propane photooxidized rau acetone nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm 56% (Cox li al., 1980). Tus nqi tsis tu ncua rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm propane thiab OH radicals hauv huab cua ntawm 298 thiab 300 K yog 1.11 x 10-12cm3/molecule?sec (DeMore thiab Bayes, 1999) thiab 1.3 x 10-12cm3/molecule?sec (Hendry thiab Kenley, 1979). Cox et al. (1980) qhia tus nqi tas li ntawm 1.9 x 10-12 cm3/molecule?sec rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm gaseous propane nrog OH radicals raws li tus nqi ntawm 8 x 10-12cm3/molecule?sec rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm ethylene nrog OH radicals. Tshuaj/Physical.Tsis tiav combustion ntawm propane nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ntau tshaj hydrogen chloride ua rau muaj ntau yam sib txawv chlorinated tebchaw xws li, tab sis tsis txwv rau alkanes, alkenes, monoaromatics, alicyclic hydrocarbons, thiab polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Tsis muaj hydrogen chloride, 13 nonchlorinated polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons tau tsim (Eklund li al., 1987). Ua tiav combustion hauv huab cua yields carbon dioxide thiab dej. |
| Solubility hauv cov organic | (Vol %): Cawv (790 ntawm 16.6 degree thiab 754 mmHg), benzene (1,452 ntawm 21.5 degree thiab 757 mmHg), chloroform (1,299 ntawm 21.6 degree thiab 757 mmHg), ether (926 ntawm 16.6 degree thiab 757, 757 mmHg), degree thiab 757 mmHg) (Windholz li al., 1983). |
| Solubility hauv dej | (Vol %): Cawv (790 ntawm 16.6 degree thiab 754 mmHg), benzene (1,452 ntawm 21.5 degree thiab 757 mmHg), chloroform (1,299 ntawm 21.6 degree thiab 757 mmHg), ether (926 ntawm 16.6 degree thiab 757, 757 mmHg), degree thiab 757 mmHg) (Windholz li al., 1983). |
| Kev xa khoom | UN1978 Propane, Hazard Class: 2.1; Cov ntawv lo: 2.1-Cov pa taws. UN1075 Petroleum gases, liquefied los yog Liquefied petroleum gases, Hazard Class: 2.1; Cov ntawv lo: 2.1-Ntaus roj. Lub tog raj kheej yuav tsum tau thauj mus rau hauv qhov chaw ruaj ntseg, nyob rau hauv lub tsheb uas muaj cua zoo. Tiv thaiv lub tog raj kheej thiab cov ntawv cim los ntawm kev puas tsuaj rau lub cev. Tus tswv ntawm lub tog raj kheej roj compressed yog tib qhov chaw tso cai los ntawm tsoomfwv txoj cai lij choj (49CFR) los thauj thiab rov qab rau lawv. Nws yog kev ua txhaum cai ntawm kev thauj mus los kom rov ua cov roj compressed cylinders yam tsis tau sau ntawv tso cai los ntawm tus tswv. |
| Txoj kev Purification | Purify propane los ntawm bromination ntawm cov kab mob olefinic. Propane raug kho nrog bromine rau 30 feeb ntawm 0o. Unreacted bromine yog quenched, thiab cov propane yog distilled los ntawm ob -78o ntxiab thiab sau ntawm -196o [Skell et al. J Am Chem Soc 108 6300 1986]. Nws autoignites ntawm 450o thiab lub flash point yog -104o. Nws yog FLAMMABLE heev thiab muaj nyob rau hauv cov hlau kheej kheej. [Beilstein 1 H 103, 1 I 33, 1 II 71, 1 III 204, 1 IV 175.] |
| Kev tshuaj ntsuam toxicity | Qee qhov chaw faib cov propane ua ib qho tshuaj loog yooj yim, txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem raug faib ua ib qho yooj yim asphyxiant. Concentrations uas siab txaus los hloov cov pa oxygen yuav tsum tau ua rau lub taub hau lightheadedness, tsis nco qab, thiab tej zaum yuav tuag los ntawm asphyxiation. |
| Pov tseg pov tseg | Rov qab refillable compressed gas cylinders rau tus neeg muag khoom. Dissolve los yog sib tov cov khoom nrog ib tug combustible solvent thiab hlawv nyob rau hauv ib tug chemical incinerator nruab nrog ib tug afterburner thiab scrubber. Tag nrho tsoom fwv teb chaws, xeev, thiab cheeb tsam ib puag ncig cov cai yuav tsum tau ua raws li. |
| Propane Kev Npaj Cov Khoom Siv thiab Cov Khoom Raw |
| Cov khoom siv raw | Lub tank cia |
| Cov khoom npaj | Polyethylene-->Polyethylene-polypropylene glycol-->Pesticide emulsifier-->Cartap hydrochloride-->Liquefied petroleum ges-->Deemulsifier-->Thiocyclam-->Industrial gear oil,weight load-->Industrial gear oil,middle load-->Propyleneglycol alginate-->polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethylene alkylphenyl ether-->BENDIOCARB-->demulsifier DQ125 series-->Poly(epichlorohydrin-co-propylene oxide-co-starch)-->demulsifier PE series-->TRIMETHYLENE OXIDE-->4-Isopropylaniline-->1-Chloropropane |
Cim npe nrov: Tuam Tshoj propane manufacturers, lwm tus neeg, Hoobkas
Koj Tseem Yuav Zoo Li
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