| Kev piav qhia |
Potassium hydrogen fluoride yog siv los ua etchant rau etch iav nto thiab nws yog siv rau hauv cov khoom siv tu. Nws yog siv los ua fluorinating tus neeg sawv cev rau fluorinated organic tebchaw, uas tuaj yeem siv los ua tus neeg sawv cev rau cov ntaub, cov khoom siv tua hluav taws, cov da dej electroplating, lubricating roj, cov pa oxygen hauv cov ntshav hloov. Piv txwv li, potassium hydrogen fluoride yog siv los ua fluorinating tus neeg sawv cev rau lub nplhaib qhib ntawm epoxides thiab cyclopropanes thiab nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm trifluoroborates los ntawm ntau yam organoborons. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua cov fluoride ion qhov chaw rau nucleophilic nplhaib-qhib cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm epoxide. |
| Cov ntaub ntawv |
[1] Gary A. Molander, David J. Cooper thiab Stephen W. Wright, Potassium Hydrogen Fluoride, e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 2001
[2] Bernd Basner, Houben-Weyl Methods of Organic Chemistry Vol. E 10b/1, 4th Edition, 1999
[3] Francis I. Onuska thiab Francis W. Karasek, Qhib Tubular Kem Gas Chromatography hauv Environmental Sciences, 1984
[4] Michael Howe, Lub log tu muaj pes tsawg leeg muaj cov kua qaub fluoride ntsev, Patent "US 5556833 A", 1996
[5] Grzegorz Lewandowski, Egbert Meissner thiab Eugeniusz Milchert, Kev siv tshwj xeeb ntawm fluorinated organic tebchaw, Phau ntawv Journal of Hazardous Materials, 2006, vol. 136, {3}} |
| Chemical Properties |
DAWB RAU LUB CRYSTAL GREY CRYSTALS LOS YOG CRYSTALLINE POWDER |
| Siv |
Nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm ntshiab poov tshuaj fluoride; raws li ib qho electrolyte hauv kev tsim cov fluorine; iav frosting; kho cov thee kom tiv thaiv kev tsim slag; flux rau nyiaj solders; catalyst nyob rau hauv alkylation ntawm benzene nrog olefins. |
| Siv |
Potassium hydrogen fluoride yog dav siv los ua ib qho etchant hauv iav thiab tu cov khoom. Nws pom ib qho tseem ceeb daim ntawv thov nyob rau hauv lub synthesis ntawm tshwj xeeb optical iav viz. yas thiab yas flint iav thiab raws li ib tug catalyst rau polymerization. Nws yog koom nrog hauv kev tsim cov ntoo preservatives, soldering agents thiab brazing. Nws kuj tseem siv rau hauv kev tsim cov organic thiab inorganic fluorine compounds. |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav |
Cov xim tsis muaj xim, corrosive rau cov ntaub so ntswg, etches iav. |
| Cua & Dej Reactions |
Dej soluble muab cov tshuaj acidic heev. |
| Reactivity Profile |
Cov ntsev ntsev, xws li Potassium hydrogen fluoride, feem ntau yog soluble hauv dej. Cov kev daws teeb meem muaj qhov nruab nrab ntawm cov hydrogen ions thiab muaj pH tsawg dua 7.0. Lawv react li acids rau neutralize bases. Cov neutralizations ua kom sov, tab sis tsawg dua los yog tsawg dua yog tsim los ntawm neutralization ntawm inorganic acids, inorganic oxoacids, thiab carboxylic acid. Lawv feem ntau tsis hnov mob li oxidizing cov neeg ua haujlwm lossis txo cov neeg ua haujlwm tab sis cov cwj pwm zoo li no tsis yooj yim sua. |
| Hazard |
Corrosive rau cov ntaub so ntswg. |
| Health Hazard |
TOXIC; nqus tau, noj los yog tawv nqaij ntawm cov khoom yuav ua rau mob hnyav lossis tuag taus. Kev sib cuag nrog cov khoom molten yuav ua rau mob hnyav rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag. Tsis txhob sib cuag ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov teebmeem ntawm kev sib cuag lossis nqus pa tuaj yeem ncua sijhawm. Hluav taws yuav ua rau khaus, corrosive thiab/los yog cov pa phem. Cov dej ntws los ntawm kev tswj hluav taws los yog cov dej dilution tuaj yeem ua rau corrosive thiab / los yog tshuaj lom thiab ua rau muaj kuab paug. |
| Hluav Taws Xob |
Tsis-combustible, tshuaj nws tus kheej tsis hlawv tab sis yuav decompose raws li cua sov los tsim corrosive thiab/los yog tshuaj lom pa taws. Ib txhia yog oxidizers thiab tej zaum yuav ignite combustibles (ntoo, ntawv, roj, khaub ncaws, thiab lwm yam). Kev sib cuag nrog cov hlau tuaj yeem hloov pauv cov pa hluav taws xob hydrogen. Cov thawv ntim khoom tuaj yeem tawg thaum cua sov. |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile |
Ib qho tshuaj lom. Heev corrosive thiab reactive. Ib tug corrosive irritant rau lub qhov muag, daim tawv nqaij, thiab mucous daim nyias nyias. Thaum rhuab mus rau decomposition nws tawm cov pa phem ntawm F thiab K2O. Saib kuj FLUORIDES thiab HYDROFLUORIC ACID. |
| Txoj kev Purification |
Nws crystallises los ntawm dej. Nws yog soluble heev hauv kub H2O thiab 41% ntawm 21o. [Kwasnik hauv Phau Ntawv Qhia Txog Kev Npaj Inorganic Chemistry (Ed. Brauer) Academic Press Vol I p 237 1963.] |
