| Chemical Properties |
4-Methylpyridine yog xim tsis muaj xim rau lub teeb daj nrog cov ntxhiab tsw tsw qab. soluble hauv dej, ethanol thiab ether. |
| Qhov tshwm sim |
4-Methylpyridine raug tso tawm los ntawm cov txheej txheem muaj zog. Nws yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv coal gassification dej khib nyiab (Pellizzari li al 1979), ib puag ncig ntawm coke ncu (Naizer thiab Mashek 1974) thiab nyob rau hauv dej los ntawm shale roj pov tseg ntau lawm (Dobson li al 1985; Hawthorne li al 1985; Leenheer et al 198). Nws kuj tseem muaj nyob rau hauv thee tar (HSDB, 1988), cov pa luam yeeb (Brunneman li al 1978; IARC 1976) thiab cov kua pyroigneous los ntawm ntoo (Yasuhara thiab Sugiwara 1987). Cov txheej txheem rau kev kho cov dej khib nyiab uas muaj 4-methylpyridine tau tsim (Roubickova 1986) thiab nws txoj kev txav los ntawm (Leenheer thiab Stuber 1981) thiab degradation (Sims thiab Somners 1985) hauv cov av tshuaj xyuas. |
| Siv |
4-Methylpyridine yog siv los tsim cov isonicotinic acid thiab derivatives, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub ntawv waterproofing agents, thiab raws li ib tug hnyav rau resins, tshuaj, dyestuffs, roj hmab accelerators, thiab tshuaj tua kab. Nws kuj tseem siv los ua cov catalyst thiab kho tus neeg sawv cev. |
| Siv |
4-Methylpyridine tau siv rau hauv kev npaj ntawm 1, 2-dihydropyridide derivative. |
| Txoj kev tsim khoom |
Tam sim no, 4-methylpyridine yog tsim los ntawm vapor-phase condensation ntawm acetaldehyde thiab ammonia (3: 1) nrog kev sib cais tom qab ntawm 4-methylpyridine los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv sib tov. Cov tshuaj reactants raug rau lub cev qhuav dej-dehydrogenation catalysis xws li txhuas oxide, tooj liab oxide ntawm alumina, thorium oxide, zinc oxide los yog cadmium oxide ntawm silica-alumina, los yog cadmium fluoride ntawm silica-magnesia ntawm 400-500 degree . Qhov no ua rau muaj 60% tawm los ntawm 4-methylpyridine uas yog cais los ntawm feem ntau distillation (USEPA 1982). Lwm txoj kev tsim khoom suav nrog kev sib cais los ntawm cov khoom lag luam ntawm kev ua haujlwm coking. Cov pyridine crude extracts los ntawm noncondensable thiab condensable coke-qhov cub gasses uas tau dehydrated thiab sib cais los ntawm fractional distillation, tab sis tsuas yog 45% ntawm 4-methylpyridine tau txais (USEPA 1982). 4-Methylpyridine kuj tuaj yeem raug cais tawm ntawm cov pob txha qhuav los yog thee (Hawley 1977). |
| Txhais |
ChEBI: 4-methylpyridine yog ib qho methylpyridine uas cov methyl hloov pauv nyob rau ntawm txoj hauj lwm 4. |
| Synthesis Reference (cov) |
Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin, 6, p. 467 Ib., 1958DOI:10.1248/pb.6.467 |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav |
4-methyl pyridine yog cov kua uas tsis muaj xim tsis muaj zog. (NTP, 1992) |
| Cua & Dej Reactions |
Cov nplaim taws heev. |
| Reactivity Profile |
4-Methylpyridine neutralizes acids nyob rau hauv exothermic tshua los tsim cov ntsev ntxiv rau dej. Tej zaum yuav tsis sib haum nrog isocyanates, halogenated organics, peroxides, phenols (acidic), epoxides, anhydrides, thiab acid halides. Flammable gaseous hydrogen tuaj yeem tsim ua ke nrog cov neeg ua haujlwm txo qis, xws li hydrides. |
| Health Hazard |
Cov ntaub ntawv qhia tau hais tias 4-methylpyridine yog tshuaj lom me ntsis thaum siv qhov ncauj thiab tshuaj lom heev thaum muab dermally thiab intraperitoneally (Smith 1982). Cov tsos mob muaj xws li zawv plab, poob phaus, anemia, thiab occular thiab lub ntsej muag tuag tes tuag taw. |
| Flammability thiab Explosibility |
Flamable |
| Kev siv tshuab |
4-Methylpyridine yog siv los ua dej pov thawj rau cov ntaub; raws li cov kuab tshuaj rau resins; nyob rau hauv cov synthesis ntawm kws tshuaj, dyestuffs, roj hmab accelerators, tshuaj tua kab thiab kuaj reagent; raws li ib tug catalyst; thiab raws li tus neeg sawv cev kho (Hawley 1977; Windholz li al 1983). Nws yog siv rau kev sib txuas ntawm cov kws tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog isoniazid (USEPA 1982) thiab tseem siv rau kev tsim khoom ntawm 4-vinylpyridine los txhim kho dyeability (USEPA 1982). |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile |
Cov tshuaj lom los ntawm kev noj tshuaj thiab cov kab mob intraperitoneal. Mob hnyav heev los ntawm kev sib cuag sktn. Mob me me los ntawm kev nqus pa. Cov tawv nqaij hnyav thiab qhov muag khaus. Flammable kua thaum raug tshav kub, nplaim taws, oxidizers. Txhawm rau tua hluav taws, siv cawv ua npuas ncauj. Thaum rhuab mus rau decomposition nws emits cov pa phem ntawm NOx. |
| Ntxim yuav nphav raug |
(o-isomer); Kev puas tsuaj rau cov kab mob reprotoxic, Thawj irritant (w / o tsis haum tshuaj), (m-isomer): Muaj peev xwm tsim cov qog, Primary irritant (w / o allergic reaction). Picolines yog siv los ua intermediates hauv kev tsim tshuaj, tshuaj tua kab; thiab hauv kev tsim cov dyes thiab roj hmab chemicals. Nws kuj yog siv los ua kuab tshuaj. |
| Kev xa khoom |
UN2313 Picolines, Hazard Class: 3; Cov ntawv lo: 3-Flammable kua. |
| Txoj Kev Purification |
Nws tuaj yeem raug ntxuav raws li rau 2-methylpyridine. Biddescombe thiab Handley txoj kev (saum toj no) rau 3-methylpyridine kuj tseem siv tau. Lidstone [J Chem Soc 242 1940}] ntxuav nws ntawm oxalate (m 137-138o) los ntawm cua sov 100mL ntawm 4-methylpyridine rau 80o thiab ntxiv maj mam 110g ntawm anhydrous oxalic acid, ua raws li 150mL ntawm boiling. EtOH. Tom qab txias thiab lim, cov precipitate yog ntxuav nrog me ntsis EtOH, ces recrystallised los ntawm EtOH, yaj nyob rau hauv qhov tsawg kawg nkaus kom muaj nuj nqis ntawm dej thiab distilled nrog ntau tshaj 50% KOH. Lub distillate yog qhuav nrog cov khoom KOH thiab dua distilled. Hydrocarbons tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm ntawm 4-methylpyridine los ntawm kev hloov cov tom kawg mus rau nws cov hydrochloride, crystallising los ntawm EtOH / diethyl ether, rov tsim dua lub hauv paus dawb los ntawm kev ntxiv alkali thiab distilling. Raws li cov kauj ruam ua kom huv zaum kawg, 4-methylpyridine tuaj yeem ua rau fractionally crystallized los ntawm ib nrab khov kom muaj kev sib cais ntawm 3-methylpyridine. Kev sib kis nrog 2,6-lutidine raug kuaj pom los ntawm nws qhov nqus tau zoo ntawm 270nm. Cov hydrochloride muaj m161o, thiab cov picrate muaj m167o (los ntawm Me2CO, EtOH los yog H2O). [Beilstein 20 III/IV 2732, 20/5 V 543.] |
| Kev tsis sib haum xeeb |
Cov vapors tuaj yeem tsim tawg sib xyaw nrog huab cua. Tsis sib haum nrog oxidizers (chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, perchlorates, chlorine, bromine, fluorine, thiab lwm yam); kev sib cuag tej zaum yuav ua rau hluav taws kub los yog tawg. Khaws kom deb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv alkaline, muaj zog hauv paus, muaj zog acids, oxoacids, epoxides. Attacks tooj liab thiab nws cov alloys. |
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