| Kev piav qhia |
Methoxyethene (MVE) yog cov roj tsis muaj xim thiab nplaim taws nrog cov ntxhiab tsw qab thiab qab ntxiag ntawm chav sov. Nws hnyav dua li huab cua thiab tuaj yeem ya mus rau qhov chaw nyob deb ntawm qhov chaw qis. MVE yog soluble hauv ethanol, ether thiab acetone, tab sis nws tsuas yog me ntsis soluble hauv dej. MVE yog ib qho yooj yim polymerized, yog li cov poov tshuaj hydroxide feem ntau ntxiv raws li cov polymerization inhibitor hauv cov khoom tiav. |
| Chemical Properties |
Colorless compressed gas, los yog tsis muaj kob kua. me ntsis soluble hauv dej; soluble hauv cawv thiab ether; yooj yim polymerized. Cov khoom lag luam muaj ib feem me me ntawm polymerization inhibitor. |
| Siv |
Methyl Vinyl Ether yog reagent nyob rau hauv kev npaj ntawm sodium alginate interpolymer complexes, pH-tunable tshuaj nqa. |
| Siv |
Copolymer siv nyob rau hauv coatings thiab lacquers; hloov pauv rau alkyl, polystyrene, thiab ionomer resins; plasticizer rau nitrocellulose thiab adhesives. |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav |
Cov roj tsis muaj xim nrog cov ntxhiab tsw qab. Shipped raws li ib tug liquefied gas nyob rau hauv tus kheej vapor siab. Kev sib cuag nrog cov kua yuav ua rau frostbite. Yooj yim ignited. Vapors hnyav dua li huab cua. Leaks tej zaum yuav yog kua los yog vapor. Tej zaum yuav asphyxiate los ntawm kev xaav ntawm huab cua. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm raug hluav taws kub los yog khaus ntim ntim tej zaum yuav rupture hnyav thiab foob pob ua ntxaij. |
| Cua & Dej Reactions |
Cov nplaim taws heev. Reacts maj mam nrog dej los tsim acetaldehyde, cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tsis muaj kev phom sij tshwj tsis yog dej kub los yog cov kua qaub. Tsim cov peroxides txaus ntshai thaum raug huab cua. |
| Reactivity Profile |
Methoxyethene reacts vigorously nrog oxidizing cov ntaub ntawv. Kev tawg nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm vapor thaum raug tshav kub, nplaim taws los yog muaj zog oxidizing tus neeg sawv cev. Reacts, tej zaum explosively nrog halogens (bromine, chlorine) los yog hydrogen halides (hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride) [Baker, 1980, p. 487] ib. Ntawm kev sib cuag nrog cov kua qaub diluted los yog cov kua qaub me me (calcium chloride, ceramics) tau dhau mus sai, exothermic homopolymerization, uas tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv los ntawm antioxidants. Yuav tsum muab khaws cia rau hauv lub hauv paus [MVE Brochure, Billingham, ICI, 1962]. |
| Health Hazard |
Inhalation ua rau intoxication, qhov muag tsis pom kev, mob taub hau, kiv taub hau, excitation, tsis nco qab. Kua los yog concentrated vapor irritates qhov muag thiab ua rau frostbite ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Aspiration ntawm cov kua yuav ua rau cov tshuaj pneumonitis. |
| Hluav Taws Xob |
Cwj Pwm Hauv Hluav Taws Xob: Cov thawv ntim khoom tuaj yeem tawg. Vapor hnyav dua huab cua thiab tuaj yeem taug kev deb mus rau qhov chaw ntawm qhov hluav taws kub thiab rov qab. |
| Flammability thiab Explosibility |
Heev heev flammable |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile |
Mob me me los ntawm kev noj. Qhov phom sij txaus ntshai heev thaum raug tshav kub, nplaim taws, lossis oxiduers. Explosive nyob rau hauv daim ntawv ntawm vapor thaum raug tshav kub los yog nplaim taws. Nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam nrog cov khoom siv oxidizing. Txhawm rau tua hluav taws, nres cov pa roj. Muaj feem cuam tshuam nrog halogens (xws li bromine, chlorine) lossis hydrogen halides (xws li hydrogen bromide, hydrogen chloride). Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv acids tsim acetaldehyde. Tsis muaj zog acids catalyze lub exothermic polymerization ntawm ether. Cov ether tsis ruaj khov tuaj yeem tsim cov peroxides txaus ntshai. Thaum rhuab mus rau decomposition nws emissions pa luam yeeb thiab irritating fumes. |
| Synthesis |
Cov txheej txheem kev lag luam ntawm MVE ntau lawm suav nrog txoj kev acetylene (Reppe txheej txheem) thiab txoj kev acetal raws li cov khoom pib. A. Acetylene tau txais cov tshuaj tiv thaiv nucleophilic ntxiv nrog methanol nyob rau hauv muaj lub hauv paus muaj zog los tsim MVE. Thawj cov txheej txheem Reppe tau ua tiav ntawm qhov kub ntawm 160-165 degree hauv qab 2-2.2 MPa siab. Qhov feem ntau siv catalyst rau cov tshuaj tiv thaiv no yog alkali hlau hydroxide los yog alkali hlau alkoxide. Acetylene feem ntau yog diluted los ntawm nitrogen. Txawm li cas los xij, cov txheej txheem no yuav tsum muaj qhov kub thiab txias siab, ua rau muaj teeb meem kev nyab xeeb hauv kev tuav cov roj acetylene hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no. Lwm txoj kev yog kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm acetylene gas thiab vaporized methanol, uas yog nkag mus rau hauv lub txaj ruaj khov reactor uas muaj ZnO / SiO2 catalyst. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kub yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam ntawm 200 txog 270 degree. MVE yog cov khoom tseem ceeb, thiab ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom lag luam (dimethoxyethane) kuj tau tsim los ntawm kev sib npaug ntawm MVE thiab methanol rau dimethoxyethane.
B. MVE yog npaj los ntawm pyrolysis ntawm dimethyl acetal ntawm qhov kub thiab txias nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm cov khoom catalyst. Feem ntau, cov pyrolysis ntawm dimethylacetal yog ua nyob rau hauv lub vapor theem. Dimethylacetal tau vaporized thiab nkag mus rau hauv lub txaj ruaj khov reactor uas muaj calcium phosphate catalyst. Nyob rau hauv lub reactor, dimethylacetal phua rau hauv MVE thiab methanol ntawm 320 degree thiab nyob rau hauv atmospheric siab. Kev hloov pauv ntawm dimethylacetal yog 95%, thiab kev xaiv rau MVE yog ntau dua 98%. |
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