| Kev piav qhia |
1, 4-Dichlorobenzene (tseem hu ua p-dichlorobenzene) yog ib qho tshuaj chlorinated aromatic compound nrog cov ntxhiab tsw ntxhiab uas muaj zog heev ntawm qhov siab. Nws yog xim dawb lossis xim tsis muaj xim ntawm chav tsev kub (Akron 2009, HSDB 2009). 1,4-Dichlorobenzene yog qhov ua tau zoo hauv dej; soluble hauv chloroform, carbon disulfide, benzene, thiab ether; thiab soluble heev hauv ethanol thiab acetone. 1, 4-Dichlorobenzene yog noncorrosive, volatile, thiab combustible, thiab nws yog flammable thaum raug tshav kub, nplaim taws, los yog oxidizers. Thaum nws yog cua sov kom decomposition, cov pa phem thiab vapors (xws li hydrochloric acid thiab carbon monoxide) raug tso tawm (HSDB 2009). Nws yog qhov ruaj khov ntawm chav tsev kub nyob rau hauv ib txwm tuav thiab khaws cia hauv cov thawv kaw (Akron 2009).
1. Tib neeg kuj tseem siv tau los tswj cov nas thiab nas nyob hauv thiab ib ncig ntawm cov noog. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene yog siv los ua tshuaj tua kab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab yog siv los tswj pwm thiab mildew loj hlob ntawm cov noob luam yeeb, tawv, thiab tej ntaub. Nws tseem raug pom zoo los tswj cov kab npauj npliag hauv qhov khoob, khaws cia beehives. |
| Chemical Properties |
Muaj peb hom isomeric ntawm dichlorobenzene (DCB): m-DCB yog cov kua ua kua thiab vapor. |
| Lub cev muaj zog |
Tsis muaj xim rau dawb crystals nrog ib tug nkag mus, qab zib, mothball los yog almond-zoo li tsw. Nyob rau ntawm 40 degree, qhov nruab nrab tsw qhov pib concentration thiab qhov qis tshaj concentration ntawm cov ntxhiab tau kuaj pom yog 18 thiab 4.5 ug / L, feem. Ib yam li ntawd, ntawm 25 degree, qhov nruab nrab saj qhov pib concentration thiab qhov qis tshaj plaws concentration ntawm qhov saj tau kuaj pom yog 32 thiab 11 ug / L, raws li (Young et al., 1996). Kev kuaj pom tsw qhov pib concentration ntawm 73 ug / m3(121 Ibv) tau tshaj tawm los ntawm Punter (1983). |
| Siv |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene yog siv los ua mothballs thiab cov khoom deodorant blocks rau cov thoob khib nyiab thiab chav dej. Nws kuj yog siv los tswj cov ntxhiab tsw hauv qhov chaw uas muaj tsiaj nyob. Nws tau siv los ua tshuaj tua kab ntawm cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab tswj pwm thiab mildew ntawm cov noob luam yeeb, tawv thiab qee cov ntaub. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene raug xa mus rau saum huab cua los ntawm cov nroj tsuag uas tsim los yog siv nws thiab ib qho me me tso rau hauv av thiab dej. Cov tshuaj no tseem tuaj yeem kuaj pom hauv huab cua sab hauv tsev uas cov khoom muaj 1,4-Dichlorobenzene siv. |
| Daim ntawv thov |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene yog siv los ua fumigantand ua tshuaj tua kab. Rau kev siv hauv tsev tiv thaiv khaub ncaws npauj; raws li qhov chaw deodorant nyob rau hauv chav deodorizers, chav dej lub tais blocks thiab daim pawj pail deodorizers. Intermediate hauv kev tsim cov yas rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. |
| Txhais |
ChEBI: 1,4-dichlorobenzene yog dichlorobenzene nqa chloro pawg ntawm txoj haujlwm 1 thiab 4. Nws muaj lub luag haujlwm ua tshuaj tua kab. |
| Kev npaj |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene yog thawj zaug ua lag luam hauv Tebchaws Meskas hauv xyoo 1915 (IARC 1982). Nws yog tsim los ntawm reacting kua benzene nrog gaseous chlorine nyob rau hauv lub xub ntiag ntawm ib tug catalyst ntawm nruab nrab kub thiab atmospheric siab. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene feem ntau yog siv los ua cov fumigant rau kev tswj cov npauj, pwm, thiab mildews, thiab ua ib qho chaw deodorant rau chav dej thiab tsis kam ntim. |
| Synthesis Reference (cov) |
Chemistry Letters, 8, p. 939 Ib., 1979
Phau ntawv Journal of Organic Chemistry, 48, p. Peb 250, 1983DOI:10.1021/j00150a020
Tetrahedron Letters, 23, p. 371 Ib., 1982DOI: 10.1016/S0040-4039(00)86833-1 |
| Kev piav qhia dav dav |
Ib qho dej dawb dawb nrog cov ntxhiab ntawm npauj npas. Denser tshaj dej thiab insoluble hauv dej. Flash point hauv qab 200 degree F. Siv los ua npauj tua, ua lwm yam tshuaj, ua ib qho fumigant, thiab siv ntau yam. |
| Cua & Dej Reactions |
Insoluble hauv dej. |
| Reactivity Profile |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene tsis sib haum nrog cov tshuaj oxidizing. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene kuj tsis sib haum nrog txhuas thiab nws cov alloys. 1, 4-Dichlorobenzene liquefies thaum tov nrog camphor, phenol thiab salol. 1,4-Dichlorobenzene yuav tawm tsam qee hom yas, roj hmab thiab txheej txheej. . |
| Health Hazard |
Cov tsos mob lom yog mob taub hau, qaug zog, kiv taub hau, xeev siab, ntuav, raws plab, poob phaus, thiab raug mob rau daim siab thiab lub raum. Cov tsos mob no tshwm sim los ntawm kev nqus pa ntau dua ntawm cov vapors lossis los ntawm kev noj tshuaj. Cov vapors yog ib qho ua rau lub qhov muag, caj pas, thiab tawv nqaij. Kev raug mob ntev yuav ua rau mob daj ntseg thiab cirrhosis. Qhov ncauj qhov ncauj LD50 tus nqi hauv cov nas yog nyob rau hauv thaj tsam 3000 mg / kg.Cov koob tshuaj qhov ncauj tuag rau tib neeg yog kwv yees li 40-50 g. Cov kev tshawb fawb carcinogenic ntawm cov tsiaj tsis tau tsim cov pov thawj txaus ntawm kev ua rau mob qog noj ntshav. |
| Hluav Taws Xob |
Tshwj xeeb txaus ntshai ntawm combustion khoom: vapors yog irritating. Cov tshuaj lom chlorine, hydrogen chloride, thiab phosgene gases yuav raug tsim nyob rau hauv hluav taws. |
| Lub npe lag luam |
DowTHERM®; EVOLA; PARACIDE®; PARA CRYSTALS®; PARADI®; PARADOW®; PARAMOTH®; PARAUGGETS®; PARAZENE®; PERSIA-PERAZOL®; SANTOCHLOR®; Mixed isomers: DILATIN DBI®; MOTTENSCHUTZMITTEL EVAU P®; MOTT-EX®; TOTAMOTT® |
| Kev ruaj ntseg Profile |
Muaj pov thawj tsawg uas 1,4-dichlorobenzene tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam hauv plab loj hlob. Kev raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws, lub siab, lub raum, thiab cov qe ntshav, ua rau cov ntshav tsis txaus; nws kuj tuaj yeem ua rau qhov muag, tes, thiab ko taw o. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub paj hlwb puas, ua rau tsis muaj zog, tshee, thiab loog ntawm caj npab thiab txhais ceg. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau tawv nqaij ua xua, uas thaum tsim tuaj yeem ua rau khaus thiab ua pob liab liab. Cov qib siab ntawm cov tshuaj hauv huab cua, xws li cov qib uas qee zaum cuam tshuam nrog kev lag luam raug, tuaj yeem ua rau mob taub hau, xeev siab, tsis meej pem, hais lus tsis txaus ntseeg, thiab kiv taub hau. Cov qib uas yuav ua rau tuag taus yuav cuam tshuam nrog cov ntxhiab tsw heev uas nws yuav tsis zoo siab heev, yog tias tsis nkag siab, thiab yuav ua rau muaj kev ceeb toom txaus ntshai. Hauv cov xwm txheej hauv kev lag luam, cov neeg ua haujlwm raug rau 1,4-dichlorobenzene ntawm qib siab feem ntau yog qhia kom hnav lub tshuab ua pa. Cov neeg ua haujlwm koom nrog kev tsim cov tshuaj lom neeg tuaj yeem raug nthuav tawm ntau dua li cov neeg tau ntsib. Kev raug mob siab yuav tshwm sim los ntawm qee cov neeg siv khoom ntawm cov tshuaj tua kab tsuag thiab cov tshuaj deodorizers hauv chav. Kwv yees li ntawm 95% ntawm ib puag ncig tso tawm ntawm 1,4-dichlorobenzene tshwm sim thaum nws siv, tsis yog thaum nws tsim lossis ua. |
| Ntxim yuav nphav raug |
Kev siv loj ntawm o-DCB yog raws li cov txheej txheem hnyav hauv kev tsim cov toluene diisocyanate thiab ua ib qho nruab nrab hauv kev sib xyaw ntawm dyestuffs, tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab degreasers. p-Dichlorbenzene feem ntau yog siv los ua moth repellant, tus neeg saib xyuas mildew; chaw deodorant; thiab hauv cov tshuaj tua kab, uas suav txog 90% ntawm tag nrho cov khoom tsim tawm ntawm no isomer. Cov ntaub ntawv tsis muaj txog kev tsim khoom thiab kev siv m-DCB. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yuav tshwm sim raws li cov kab mob sib kis ntawm o-lossis p-DCB formulations. Ob leeg o-thiab p-isomers tau tsim yuav luag tag nrho raws li cov khoom lag luam thaum lub sijhawm tsim cov monochlorobenzene |
| Carcinogenicity |
1. |
| Txoj kev metabolic |
1,4-Dichlorobenzene raug degradation los ntawm Xanthobacter flavus 14p1 cais los ntawm dej sludge los ntawm kev xaiv enrichment nrog 1,4-dichlorobenzene, ua rau cov khoom degradation 3,6-dichloro-cis{{9 }}, 2-dihydroxycyclohexa-3, 5-diene thiab 3,{14}} dichlorocatechol. 2,5-Dichloromuconic acid thiab 2- chloromaleylacetic acid, nrog rau cov khoom decarboxylation 2-chloroacetoacrylic acid, raug txheeb xyuas tom qab enzymatic hloov pauv ntawm 3,6-dichlorocatechol. |
| Kev xa khoom |
m-DCB: UN2810 Toxic kua, organic, nos, Hazard Class: 6.1; Cov ntawv lo: 6.1-Cov ntaub ntawv muaj kuab lom, Kev Siv Lub Npe Yuav Tsum Tau. United States DOT Regulated Marine Pollutant. UN3077 Environmentally hazardous substances, solis, nos, Hazard class: 9; Cov ntawv lo: 9-Lwm yam khoom siv phom sij, Kev Siv Lub Npe Yuav Tsum Tau. UN3082 Environmentally hazardous substances, kua, nos, Hazard class: 9; Cov ntawv lo: 9-Lwm yam khoom siv phom sij, Kev Siv Lub Npe Yuav Tsum Tau |
| Txoj Kev Purification |
o-Dichlorobenzene yog ib hom impurity. Lub p-isomer tau ua kom huv los ntawm chav distillation, crystallisation los ntawm EtOH los yog boiling MeOH, cua-qhuav thiab qhuav nyob rau hauv qhov tsaus ntuj nyob rau hauv lub nqus tsev vacuum. Nws kuj tau purified los ntawm cheeb tsam refining. [Beilstein 5 IV 658.] |
| Kev tsis sib haum xeeb |
Rau o-DCB thiab m-DCB: acid fumes, chlorides, muaj zog oxidizers; kub aluminium, los yog aluminium alloys. Rau p-DCB: Muaj zog oxidizers; txawm li cas los xij, kev tsis sib haum xeeb rau cov tshuaj no kuj tseem muaj lwm cov ntaub ntawv teev tseg rau o-DCB. |
| Pov tseg pov tseg |
Incineration, nyiam dua tom qab sib tov nrog lwm cov roj combustible. Kev saib xyuas yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tiav kev sib xyaw kom tsis txhob muaj cov phosgene. Cov kua qaub txhuam yog tsim nyog los tshem tawm cov halo acids tsim. Tham nrog cov koom haum tswj hwm ib puag ncig rau kev taw qhia txog kev coj ua pov tseg. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom pov tseg uas muaj cov kab mob no (Ntau dua lossis sib npaug li 100 kg / mo) yuav tsum ua raws li EPA cov cai tswj kev khaws cia, kev thauj mus los, kev kho, thiab kev pov tseg pov tseg |
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